Children can experience migraine, tension-type headaches and headaches related to infections, vision problems, sleep disturbance, stress or other medical conditions. Recurrent headaches can affect school attendance, concentration, sleep and daily activities.

The paediatric neurologist evaluates the headache pattern, triggers, associated symptoms and family history. MRI or other investigations may be recommended when warning signs are present. Treatment may include lifestyle modification, adequate sleep and hydration, trigger management, acute headache medication and preventive treatment. Persistent headaches associated with repeated vomiting, weakness, seizures, visual changes, altered consciousness or sudden severe pain require urgent assessment.