Neuro-infections are infections affecting the brain, spinal cord, protective coverings of the nervous system or peripheral nerves. Meningitis affects the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, while encephalitis involves inflammation of the brain tissue. Symptoms may include fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, vomiting, seizures, confusion, unusual behaviour, weakness or reduced consciousness. As some neuro-infections can progress quickly and lead to serious complications, patients with suspected meningitis or encephalitis require prompt hospital assessment.

Diagnosis may involve blood tests, brain imaging, EEG, cerebrospinal-fluid examination and tests to identify bacterial, viral, fungal or other causes. Treatment may include antimicrobial medicines, seizure control, management of brain swelling and intensive neurological monitoring. The neurology team works with emergency medicine, infectious-disease specialists, critical-care physicians and rehabilitation professionals to provide coordinated care. Patients recovering from severe neuro-infections may require physiotherapy, cognitive rehabilitation, speech therapy or swallowing rehabilitation.